Diet for high cholesterol

• Efficiency:therapeutic effect after 2 months
• Events:2 months or longer

General rules

Increased levelcholesterolin the blood is a risk factorarteriosclerosis.

This fat-like substance is necessary for formationEnzymes,HormonesAnd other things. However, if its metabolism is disturbed and its blood level is high, irreversible changes occur in the vascular wall - atherosclerosis, which is dangerous due to its complications (Heart attack,stroke, disruption of the blood supply to various organs).

An imbalance between the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions is considered dangerous with regard to the development of arteriosclerosis. The former have an atherogenic effect and their high content poses a risk of cardiovascular diseases. The body produces high-density ("good") cholesterol. Moderate physical activity promotes its production while reducing the accumulation of harmful substances that come only from food.

Nutritional therapy has been developed to lower cholesterol levels. A diet to lower blood cholesterol levels can be used to treat and prevent diseases - it is suitable for people who pay attention to their health. Its goal is to improve fat metabolism and weight loss. The main principle of this diet is the reduction of animal fats, which we get from meat, fatty dairy products and simple carbohydrates. Polyunsaturated fats (their sources are vegetable oils and nuts), fiber and complex carbohydrates (we get them from vegetables, grains, bran) should predominate in the diet. It is the large amount of fiber that helps remove excess cholesterol from the gastrointestinal tract. The protein content of this therapeutic diet is within the normal range and can be achieved by consuming various legumes and lean meats.

The amount of bread is no more than 200 g per day; the use of dietary bran bread is also allowed. Salt and the amount of liquid consumed are limited to 1. 2 liters. Dishes must be prepared without salt, but it is allowed to add salt to the prepared dishes on the table. Vegetables are eaten raw or stewed, and it is better to boil (bake) meat and fish to reduce the fat content in the diet. It's important to eat lots of vegetables at dinner. The daily calorie content is 1400-1500 kcal.

Basic principles of nutrition for high blood cholesterol:

• Grains, vegetables and fruits that contain complex carbohydrates and a high amount of fiber should make up about 60% of the diet. You need to eat 400 g of vegetables (a third fresh) and 200 g of grain products every day.
• The predominance of vegetable oils in the diet.
• Moderate consumption of permitted dairy products.
• The diet for high blood cholesterol includes fish, chicken and turkey, which are the foods of choice, and lean beef should be second in the diet.
• The amount of salt is minimal.
• 2-3 eggs per week (unlimited protein).
• Avoid feeling hungry (eat fruit snacks on time).

The diet for high cholesterol in women is no different than that of men and the general nutritional principles remain the same. The total cholesterol in women and men should not be more than 5. 2 mmol/l; a value of 6. 19 mmol/l is already considered significantly elevated. HDL should be at least 0. 9 mmol/L and up to 1. 9 mmol/L in women; in men this value is different – from 0. 7 to 1. 7 mmol/l.

The onset of menopause affects cholesterol metabolism and is explained by the fact that with the beginning of its synthesisitTroedecreases and regulates the production of "good" cholesterol. The increase in "bad" cholesterol is promoted by a woman's sedentary lifestyle, overeating and consumption of fatty and high-calorie foods.

The diet of women with high cholesterol should contain a maximum of plant foods rich inPhytosterolswhich control and reduce bad cholesterol levels:

• wheat germ;
• Sesame seeds;
• sunflower seeds;
• Linseed;
• Olive oil;
• grape seed oil;
• Avocado.

Containing vegetables and fruitspectin: apples, citrus fruits, beets, watermelon and natural vegetable juices. Remember that all purple and red fruits and vegetables contain polyphenols that stimulate the production of good cholesterol: blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries, cranberry juice, chokeberries, cranberries, pomegranates, purple and red grapes, plums, eggplant. Green leafy salads and vegetables are also useful: cabbage, lettuce, spinach, sorrel, artichoke and parsley, dill and green onions are available to everyone.

It is imperative to include legumes in your diet as they remove harmful cholesterol from the intestines due to their high fiber content. In terms of protein content, they can replace meat.

It is beneficial for older women to consume products containing soyPhytoestrogens. Do not forget about the correct culinary processing of meat and fish - a minimum of fat when cooking - it is best to bake in the oven, in pots or stewed.

Given women's craving for sweets, it will be very difficult to give up sweet cream products, chocolate and sweets, pastries, cookies and waffles and limit yourself to sugar. But this has to be done. Fatty meat should also be removed from the diet and processed meat (sausage, boiled beef) must be avoided. Pork, lard and bacon are prohibited. Don't forget about the need for physical activity. All this will bring only benefits - your tests will normalize, your weight will go down, and you will consider yourself attractive.

High cholesterol is often observed in diseases of the internal organs and endocrine system:nephritis,Hypothyroidism,obesity,Diabetes mellitus. This combined pathology requires a special nutritional approach and more serious treatment. In each case, the problem is clarified individually and a therapeutic diet is prescribed for the underlying disease. For example, what diet is indicated for high cholesterol due to kidney disease? In this case you must complyTable No. 7and its varieties.Diet 7is prescribed for chronic kidney disease and includes, in addition to limiting salt and fluid consumption, also excluding foods rich in cholesterol (kidneys, liver, egg yolk, brain).

Hints

Shown when available:

• high cholesterol;
• obesity;
• High blood pressure;
• diabetes mellitus;
• Diseases myocardial infarction and stroke.

Authorized Products

Proper nutrition for high cholesterol should become the norm. What should it be? First of all, you need to exclude meat broths and prepare vegetarian soups. If this is difficult and unusual for you, you can use a weak second broth for the first courses and carefully skim off the fat. Use potatoes in minimal quantities and prepare better combined vegetable soups, cabbage soup and borscht.

Meat and poultry should be lean; Poultry skin is unacceptable; extra fat should be removed from the meat. Since the diet involves fat reduction, the meat should be boiled or baked without adding sour cream, mayonnaise, or fat. Use vegetables as a side dish, not muesli. It is better to cook them for breakfast (oatmeal, buckwheat and brown rice).

Cabbage (all varieties), carrots, zucchini, pumpkin, eggplant or salads made from fresh vegetables and green peas help lower cholesterol levels. The total amount of vegetables consumed per day is at least 400 g.

Use native vegetable oils to season ready meals. Flaxseed oil, which is a leader in fatty acid content, is useful in this regard.Omega 3Regulation of the production of useful lipids.

Lowering cholesterol levels can be achieved by including low-fat sea fish in the diet, but meat (chicken) consumption should still be limited to once a week. When it comes to fish, you should choose dietary varieties: hake, haddock, blue whiting, navaga, pollock, pollock.

Bread made from rye, grain flour and bran is permitted. For snacks and first courses, you can use yeast-free bread (with bran, with flaxseed). Milk and fermented milk products are allowed only in low fat content and in limited quantities. Green tea and weak coffee with milk and without sugar, vegetable and fruit juices without sugar are permitted.

Table of approved products

	proteins, g	fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
Vegetables and greens
aubergine	1. 2	0, 1	4. 5	24
Beans	6, 0	0, 1	8. 5	57
zucchini	0, 6	0, 3	4. 6	24
Cabbage	8/1	0, 1	4/7	27
broccoli	3, 0	0, 4	5. 2	28
Brussels sprouts	4. 8	0, 0	8, 0	43
cauliflower	2. 5	0, 3	5. 4	thirty
green onion	1. 3	0, 0	4. 6	19
Onion bulbs	1. 4	0, 0	10. 4	41
carrot	1. 3	0, 1	6. 9	32
Cucumbers	0. 8	0, 1	8/2	15
to squeeze	0, 6	0, 1	4. 3	19
salad pepper	1. 3	0, 0	5. 3	27
Parsley	3/7	0, 4	7/6	47
salad	1. 2	0, 3	1. 3	12
turnip	1. 5	0, 1	8/8	40
celery	0. 9	0, 1	2. 1	12
soybeans	9/34	3/17	3/17	381
asparagus	9/1	0, 1	3. 1	20
tomatoes	0, 6	0, 2	4. 2	20
Jerusalem artichoke	2. 1	0, 1	8/12	61
pumpkin	1. 3	0, 3	7/7	28
dill	2. 5	0. 5	6. 3	38
Beans	7. 8	0. 5	5/21	123
Garlic	6. 5	0. 5	9/29	143
lenses	24. 0	1. 5	42. 7	284
fruit
avocado	2, 0	20. 0	4/7	208
Oranges	0. 9	0, 2	1/8	36
pomegranate	0. 9	0, 0	9/13	52
Grapefruit	0. 7	0, 2	6. 5	29
Pears	0, 4	0, 3	9/10	42
Lemons	0. 9	0, 1	3, 0	16
mango	0. 5	0, 3	5/11	67
Tangerines	0. 8	0, 2	7. 5	33
nectarine	0. 9	0, 2	8/11	48
Peaches	0. 9	0, 1	11. 3	46
Apples	0, 4	0, 4	9/8	47
Berry
Gooseberry	0. 7	0, 2	12. 0	43
Red currants	0, 6	0, 2	7/7	43
blackcurrant	1, 0	0, 4	7. 3	44
Nuts and dried fruits
nuts	15. 0	40, 0	20. 0	500
almond	June 18th	57, 7	16. 2	645
linseed	3/18	42. 2	9/28	534
Fenugreek seeds	23. 0	6. 4	58. 3	323
Sunflower seeds	7/20	52. 9	3. 4	578
Muesli and porridge
Buckwheat (kernel)	12. 6	3. 3	62. 1	313
Oat groats	12. 3	6. 1	59, 5	342
oatmeal	9/11	7. 2	69, 3	366
Wheat bran	1/15	8/3	53, 6	296
raw materials and spices
basil	2. 5	0, 6	4. 3	27
Honey	0. 8	0, 0	81, 5	329
Dairy products
Kefir 0%	3, 0	0, 1	8/3	thirty
Kefir 1%	8/2	1, 0	4. 0	40
Cheese and cottage cheese
Cottage cheese 0. 6% (low fat)	18. 0	0, 6	8/1	88
Quark tofu	1/8	4. 2	0, 6	73
meat products
beef	9/18	4/19	0, 0	187
Bird
Chicken fillet	1/23	1. 2	0, 0	110
Turkey	2/19	0. 7	0, 0	84
Eggs
Eggs	7/12	9/10	0. 7	157
fish and seafood
Fish	5/18	9/4	0, 0	136
seaweed	0. 8	5. 1	0, 0	49
Oils and fats
Grapeseed oil	0, 0	99, 9	0, 0	899
Flaxseed oil	0, 0	99, 8	0, 0	898
olive oil	0, 0	99, 8	0, 0	898
sunflower oil	0, 0	99, 9	0, 0	899
Soft drinks
Mineral water	0, 0	0, 0	0, 0	-
Instant chicory	0, 1	0, 0	8/2	eleven
green tea	0, 0	0, 0	0, 0	-
* Information refers to 100 g of product

Fully or partially limited products

Excluded: pork, cooking fats, refined vegetable oil, margarine, butter, duck and goose meat, offal (kidneys, brains, liver), sausages and smoked meats. Fatty fish, fish roe (contains a lot of cholesterol), crayfish, shrimps, crabs and canned fish, including cod liver, are prohibited.

You should not consume products made from puff pastry or butter dough or highly extractive meat, fish or mushroom broths. Cream, fatty cottage cheese and sour cream are not allowed in the diet. Ban on the consumption of chocolate, full-fat ice cream, products with cream and products with palm and coconut oil. Mayonnaise and ketchup should not be used as sauces.

Border:

• beef (1-2 times a week);
• red fish;
• Egg yolk;
• Potato;
• fatty cheese;
• Nuts;
• buckwheat;
• Honey.

Table of prohibited products

	proteins, g	fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
fruit
Bananas	1. 5	0, 2	8/21	95
Nuts and dried fruits
raisin	9/2	0, 6	66, 0	264
Muesli and porridge
semolina	10. 3	1, 0	73, 3	328
white rice	6. 7	0. 7	78, 9	344
flour and pasta
pasta	10. 4	1. 1	69, 7	337
Bakery products
bagels	16. 0	1, 0	70, 0	336
bagels	16. 0	1, 0	70, 0	336
cracker	11. 2	1. 4	72. 2	331
confectionery
jam	0, 3	0, 2	63, 0	263
jam	0, 3	0, 1	56, 0	238
sweets	4. 3	8/19	67, 5	453
Pastry cream	0, 2	26. 0	5/16	300
Ice cream
Ice cream	3/7	6. 9	1/22	189
Cake
Cake	4. 4	4/23	45. 2	407
Chocolate
Chocolate	5. 4	35. 3	56, 5	544
raw materials and spices
Ketchup	8/1	1, 0	2/22	93
mayonnaise	2. 4	67, 0	9/3	627
Dairy products
cream	8/2	20. 0	3/7	205
Sour cream 30%	2. 4	30. 0	3. 1	294
Sour cream 40% (fat)	2. 4	40, 0	2. 6	381
Cheese and cottage cheese
Cheese	1/24	5/29	0, 3	363
Cottage cheese 18% (fat)	14. 0	18. 0	8/2	232
meat products
pork meat	16. 0	June 21st	0, 0	259
Pork liver	8/18	3. 6	0, 0	108
Pork kidneys	13. 0	3. 1	0, 0	80
pork fat	1. 4	92, 8	0, 0	841
salo	2. 4	89, 0	0, 0	797
Beef liver	4/17	3. 1	0, 0	98
Beef kidneys	5/12	8/1	0, 0	66
Bovine brains	9. 5	9. 5	0, 0	124
mutton	6/15	3/16	0, 0	209
Sausages
smoked sausage	16. 2	44. 6	0, 0	466
smoked sausage	9/9	63. 2	0, 3	608
Sausages	10. 1	June 31st	9/1	332
Sausages	12. 3	3/25	0, 0	277
Bird
smoked chicken	5/27	8. 2	0, 0	184
duck	5/16	61. 2	0, 0	346
smoked duck	19. 0	4/28	0, 0	337
goose	1/16	33. 3	0, 0	364
fish and seafood
Smoked fish	8/26	9/9	0, 0	196
Salted fish	2/19	2, 0	0, 0	190
Red caviar	32, 0	15. 0	0, 0	263
black caviar	28. 0	9/7	0, 0	203
Octopus	2/21	8/2	2, 0	122
shrimp	22. 0	1, 0	0, 0	97
Salmon	8/19	6. 3	0, 0	142
sturgeon	4/16	9/10	0, 0	163
Canned fish	5/17	2, 0	0, 0	88
semi-finished fish products	5/12	6. 7	7/14	209
sardine	June 20th	9/6	-	169
mackerel	18. 0	13. 2	0, 0	191
Cod (liver in oil)	4. 2	65, 7	1. 2	613
boiled oysters	14. 0	3, 0	-	95
fresh oysters	14. 0	6, 0	0, 3	95
Oils and fats
butter	0. 5	82, 5	0. 8	748
creamy margarine	0. 5	82, 0	0, 0	745
Coconut oil	0, 0	99, 9	0, 0	899
Palm oil	0, 0	99, 9	0, 0	899
rendered beef fat	0, 0	99, 7	0, 0	897
cooking fat	0, 0	99, 7	0, 0	897
rendered pork fat	0, 0	99, 6	0, 0	896
Soft drinks
cola	0, 0	0, 0	10. 4	42
lemonade	0, 0	0, 0	6. 4	26
Pepsi	0, 0	0, 0	8/7	38
Sprite	0, 1	0, 0	7. 0	29
* Information refers to 100 g of product

Menu (power mode)

The cholesterol diet menu is designed for 5 meals a day. Since you should not feel hungry during the day or evening, you are allowed to eat an apple, grapefruit, carrots or drink a fermented milk product. A sample menu for several days could look like this:

First choice

Breakfast	sugar-free bran muesli with yogurt; Grapefruit juice
Lunch	Vegetable salad; natural apple juice
Dinner	Borscht in vegetable broth; cooked beef; mixed vegetables with olive oil
Afternoon snack	2 bran loaves; Apple
Dinner	cooked green beans with corn oil; Cheese; bread; green tea

Second option

Breakfast	Omelette made from 1 egg and 1 egg white with zucchini and peppers; rye bread toast; coffee with milk
Lunch	Fruit salad; Bran bread
Dinner	Vegetable soup; baked pike perch; vegetable salad with added linseed oil; compote
Afternoon snack	low-fat bran yogurt
Dinner	Salad with unsalted cheese "Gracia"; diet bread; Tomato juice

Third option

Breakfast	cereal porridge with water; prune juice; green tea
Lunch	Tangerines or orange
Dinner	boiled chicken breast; Rice; cabbage and carrot salad; Rosehip decoction
Afternoon snack	vegetable salad with bran and olive oil; yogurt
Dinner	fish baked in foil; vegetable salad with corn oil; Juice

Below is a table of low content foodscholesterol, from which you can make a diet.

Product name	Highlighted	Forbidden
Fish	Lean sea fish (hake, blue whiting, pollock, navaga, pollock, haddock) and pike three times a week.	Salmon, mackerel, sardines, eel, mackerel, herring, oysters, caviar, shrimps, prepared fish, river fish in limited quantities.
Eggs	Up to 3 pieces per week.	Egg yolk.
Fats	Sunflower, corn, olive or soybean oil, up to 2 tablespoons per day.	Lard, margarine, palm and coconut oil, butter, animal fat.
Meat	Veal, rabbit, turkey, chicken, lean beef once or twice a week. The bird is allowed without skin.	Pork, fatty beef, fatty lamb, duck and goose meat, sausages, liver, kidneys, brains, pates, sausages, sausages.
Dairy products	Skimmed milk, low-fat kefir, yogurt, cheese up to 20%, low-fat cottage cheese.	Full-fat cottage cheese, sour cream, cream, ice cream, curd mass, condensed milk, processed cheese.
Vegetables	Fresh and frozen, corn and beans.	Potatoes and potato snacks.
fruit	Everything except bananas and grapes, as well as dried fruits.	Sugared fruits, pistachios and peanuts, hazelnuts.
Grain	Whole wheat bread, brown rice, oatmeal, whole wheat pasta.	White rice, semolina, limited buckwheat.
bakery	Oatmeal cookies, rolls, dry cookies, "fitness" cookies.	Cookies, pastries, rolls, cakes, puff pastry products.
sweets	Low-fat puddings, jellies without added sugar, fruit ice cream.	Chocolate, pastry cream, toffee, jam, pastille, sugar, syrup.
beverages	Sugar-free juices, green tea, weak coffee, still mineral water.	Cocoa with milk, coffee with cream, alcoholic and sweet carbonated drinks.

Recipes

Fish baked with vegetables

0. 5 kg pike perch fillet, 2-3 tomatoes, zucchini, eggplant, salad peppers, onion, 2 cloves of garlic, 2 tbsp. spoon of vegetable oil.

Roughly chop the onion, garlic, zucchini and eggplant. Mix the vegetables, season with pepper, vegetable oil and Provencal herbs and marinate for 30 minutes. Also grease the fish fillet with oil and season with herbs. Place the prepared vegetables on foil, place the fish fillet on top and cover with small tomatoes. Bake for 15-20 minutes.

Fish baked with vegetables and cheese

Hake fillet 500 g, carrots, onions, tomatoes, low-fat cheese 50 g, vegetable oil.

Cut the fillet into portions, marinate with spices and allspice. Simmer finely chopped onions and grated carrots in a pan and add a little vegetable oil. Place the hake fillet in a small bowl and cover with a layer of stewed vegetables and chopped tomato slices. Bake for 20 minutes, finally sprinkle with grated cheese and put in the oven for another 3 minutes.

Baked chicken breast

Chicken fillet 300 g, fresh vegetables and herbs to taste, olive oil 1 tbsp. l. , milk 0. 25 cups, garlic.

Beat the chicken fillet lightly and marinate in olive oil with garlic, rosemary and milk for half an hour. Add to the pan and bake. Season the finished dish with salt and serve with fresh vegetables.

Chicken fillet with green beans

One chicken fillet, 300 g of beans, pepper, spices, olive oil, salt.

Cut the chicken fillet into cubes and simmer in a pot with a little water until half cooked. Add frozen green beans and seasonings to taste and simmer under the lid until the chicken is completely cooked. Add herbs, olive oil and a little salt before serving. Serve warm.

Contraindications

PregnantAndbreastfeeding women, teenager, sickDiabetes mellitus(insulin dependent) This diet is not recommended.

advantages and disadvantages

professionals	Minus points
Inexpensive and accessible. Contains a variety of products. Normalizes fat metabolism. Relieves excess weight. Reduces the risk of cardiovascular pathology.	Unbalanced. Because there are no simple carbohydrates, many patients find it difficult to tolerate them. Not for pregnant, breastfeeding women and children.

Reviews and results

This diet is designed to last 3 months in some cases and longer if recommended by a doctor. With this diet program you can lose weight and improve your overall health. Many notice a normalization of levelscholesterolAndBlood pressure, DisappearconstipationAndheartburn, which is associated with the exclusion of fatty and fried foods.

• ". . . The problem with cholesterol appeared recently and the doctor insisted that I should start taking pills if I had high bad cholesterol, but I decided to try to normalize everything with diet and I wouldHave time to take the pills. At the moment I am avoiding medication, I am following my diet very strictly – I think there will be results. I didn't repeat the tests, but my blood pressure normalized and I lost weight";
• ". . . All in combination - the anti-cholesterol diet and the pills that I followed for 3 months showed results. The doctor told me not to get my hopes up; if there is a lipid metabolism disorder, then I have to eat right all the time";
• ". . . There were changes in the lipid profile and the doctor said that we could try to get everything back to normal with diet. I researched all the recommendations on the Internet, made a list of foods that help with high cholesterol and got to work. At first it was difficult for me to limit myself to sweets, cheese and fried foods, especially since I had never eaten so many vegetables. But after three months there were changes - we managed to reduce the cholesterol level, but not yet to normal. The overall condition has improved, even the weight has decreased"

Diet price

Medical nutrition is not very expensive. A wide range of products available allows you to vary and change your diet according to your wishes and abilities. The basis of the diet is fruit, vegetables, grains and fish.